Improvement in apparatus for the manufacture of paper for packing goods



3 Sheets-Sheet 1. E HA M.

J. A; TURNER & J. T. STON us for the Manufacture of Paper for PackingApparat Goods, 850.

Raitented Nov. 27, I877.

3 Sheets-Sheet 2;

J. A. TURNER 8v J. T. STONEHAM.

Apparatus for the Manufacture of Paper for Packing G00%fl: c.-No.-197,502.. v tented Nov. 27,1877;

3 Sheets-Sheet 3. J. A. TURNER & J. T. STONEHAM.

Apparatus for the Manufacture of Paper for Packing Goods &0. v .No.197,502. ZZQa'tknted Nov. 27, I877.

J .ZiU/tilfbr v av f. 7, WM.

UNITED STATES PATENT (Damon.

JAMES A. TURNER AND JAMEST; STONEUAM, OF \VEST GORTON, ENGLAND; SAIDSTONEHAM ASSIGNOR TO SAII) TURNER.

IMPROVEMENT IN APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER FOR PACKINGGO0DS,&c.

Specification forming part of Letters.Patcnt No. 197.502, dated November27, 1677; application filed December 18, 1875; patented in England, May5, 1875.

[lb all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, JAMES ALFRED Ton- NER and Janus TOLPUTT STONEHAM,both of \Vest Gorton, in the countyof Lancaster, England, manufacturers,have invented improved material for covering or packing goods, and aprocess and apparatus for manufacturing the same; and do hereby declarethat the following description, taken in connection with theaccompanying sheets of drawings, hereinafter referred to, forms a full:

and exact specification of the same, wherein we have set forth thenature and principles of our said improvement, by which our inventionmay be distinguished from others of a similar class, together with suchparts-as we claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent-that is to Theobject of our invention is to produce ata cheap rate a material orfabric which is strengthened in both directions without the use offabric previously woven, which we efi'ect in the following manner: 'Wecause a continuous web of paper to travel in the direction of itslength, serving it or covering it with water: proof or water-repellingmaterial in a fluid orsemi-fluid conditions-aster example, drying oil,resinous or bituminous material, caoutchouc, gutta-percha, and the like.From a beam or set of bobbins we supply a number of threads, which arelaid or passed over and on the served paper longitudinally; and fromother bobbins we supply other threads, which, by'meaus' of oscillatinglevers or bars, have a transverse movement imparted to them while thepaper. travels onward, by which means these threads are laid in adiagonal orzigzag manner over and onto the paper and longitudinalthreads. The whole then passes between rollers, which press the paperand threads firmly together, the waterproof or water-repelling materialcausing the whole to coher'e.

Sometimes we employ fine wires instead of or along with the threads,either the longitudinal or the transverse, or both; and. sometimes,also, we pass another thickness of paper through the pressing-rolls, soas to cover the threads or wires.

For this process of manufacture we employ apparatus of which Figure 1 ofthe accompanyin g drawings represents an end view, and Fig. 2 a frontview. Figs. 3, 4, and 5 represent several difl'erent patterns ofmaterial that may be manufactured, as we will now describe.

A is a roller, which is made to revolve in the direction of the arrow ina tank or vessel B, containing the water-proof or water-repellingadhesive material in a fluid or semi-fluid condition. When the materialemployed is of a kind that is rendered fluid by heat, the tank 13 iskepthot by a steam-j acket, and A is made as a steam-roller. Acontinuous web of paper, P, is drawn from a beam, 0, passed over theroller A, under a deflecting-rule, D, and over a knife or scraper, E, sothat it receives a coating of the adhesive material from the roller A,and has this coating scraped and equalized by the knife E. The paperthen passes round a guide roller, F, and between two pressing-rollers, GG, whence it is led to drying rollers, which, being of the ordinaryconstruction, are not shown in the figures. A number of Ion gitudinalyarns, L, derived from ,a beam or from bobbins, pass with the paperbetween the rollers G G. Also, a number of other yarns, T T, are passedthrough holes in. plates H H,

which are caused, by means which we will presently describe, toreciprocate rapidly to and fro across the paper, and these yarns T Tpass also between the rollers G G along with the paper. .Tlhe plates HH, reciprocating transversely while the paper travels onward, have theeffect of laying each of the yarns T T upon tliepaperin a zigzag form,and by arrangingthe motions of the two plates H and H so as to maketheir strokes in opposite directions, the yarns '1 of the one set aremade to cross those of the other set, T, so that when the two setstions.

are laid on the paper they appear arranged as a net-work in the form ofa number of successive diamonds.

The plates H II are caused to reciprocate in the following manner: Onthe axis of the roller A we fix a toothed wheel, K, which, by anintermediate wheel and pinion, M, drives a roller, N, having anundulating cam-path cut in its periphery. In this cam-path is insertedan anti-friction roller, 02., mounted on an arm projecting from avertical spindle, 0. Another arm, 0, on this spindle, is jointed to oneof the plates H.

A like arrangement of gearing, with a camroller and upright spindle atthe opposite side of the machine, is provided to work the other plate,H, and, both plates being fitted to slide horizontally in guides, theirreciprocation is effected by the action of the cam-paths N N, causingthe spindles '0 O to rock. The

cams Niare so set that the plates H H are made to reciprocate always inopposite direc- The intermediate gearing M, by which the roller- A isconnected to the cams N, may be made in any desired proportions;and-several sets of such gearing, in difi'erent proportions, may beprovided, like the change-wheels of a lathe, so that the velocity of thecams in relation to that of the roller A may be varied.

In this mannerthe obliquity of the yarns T T, as they are laid on thepaper, may be altered at pleasure.

In some cases we dispense entirely with the longitudinal yarns L, oremploy only a few of these at or 'neareachedge of the paper to form aselvage, strengthening the edges. Also, we sometimes employ only one setof the transverse yarns T 1" one of the plates H H, being keptstationary, can serve to guide longitudinal yarns, if desired.

Fig. 3 represents a portion of the material thus manufactured, havingthe longitudinal yarns I1, and also the two sets of transverse zigzagyarns 'I. and T In the pattern shown in Fig. 4 the longi tudinal yarnsare omitted, and in the pattern Fig. 5 the longitudinal yarns L arecrossed by only one set, T, of the zigzag yarns. Both the zigzag yarnsTT and also the longitudinal yarns L, when these are employed, inpassing with the coatedpaper between the roll e'rs G G,'are caused toadhere to it, strengthening it longitudinally and transversely, so

and in such a case.

that when the adhesive material dries or sets the whole forms awaterproof paper, strengthened, as with a woven fabric, the preliminaryweaving of the latter being dispensed with.

Sometimes we lead from another beam or roller a web of thin paper ontothe paper P at a point beyond the rollers G G, passing both betweenpressin g-rol1ers,'so that the thin paper is caused to adhere to themain web P and to cover the yarns laid upon it, forming a linin g to thematerial.

The yarns L and T 1" may be threads of any suitable material; or finewires may be used when great strength and stiffness are desired.

Having thus described the nature of our invention, and the best means weknow of carryin g it into practical efi'ect, we hereby declare that wemake no general claim to a material for covering or packing goods,consisting of one or more thicknesses of paper served with adhesivewater-proof or water-repelling material, and strengthened by parallelwarpyarns, or by fabric previously woven but We claim 1. The describedapparatus for manufacturing the said material by causing a web of paperserved with adhesive material to travel longitudinally, while one or twosets of yarns, threads, or wires are guided by oscillating bars totraverse to and fro across the paper, consisting of the rollers G G, theplates H H,

the vertical spindle 0, having an arm, upon which an anti-frictionroller, n, is mounted, and the roller N, having an undulating cam-pathcut in its periphery.

2. In apparatus for the manufacture of the said material, theoscillating bars H H, provided with holes, through which yarns T T arepassed, for guiding the yarns, threads, 01'

wires, so that they are laid in zigzag form on the traveling paper,constructed and operating substantially as herein described.

3. The combination of the roller A, tank B, I

beam O,detlecting-rule D, scraper E, guideroller F, and pressing-rollersG G.

In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this specification inthe presenoe'of two subscribing witnesses this 22d day of tober, 1875.

JAMES ALFRED TURNER. JAMES TOLPUTT STONEHAM.

Witnesses: 4

Y J osH h ALFRED Etnror'n,

EDWI ALMOND.

